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Short stature

Short stature
Classification and external resources ICD-10E34.3ICD-9783.43DiseasesDB18756MedlinePlus003271eMedicineped/2087 

Short stature refers to a height of a human being which is below expected. Shortness is a vague term without a precise definition and with significant relativity to context. Because of the lack of preciseness, there is often disagreement about the degree of shortness that should be called short.

Contents

Causes

Shortness in children and young adults nearly always results from below-average growth in childhood, while shortness in older adults usually results from loss of height due to kyphosis of the spine or collapsed vertebrae from osteoporosis.

From a medical perspective, severe shortness can be a variation of normal, resulting from the interplay of multiple familial genes. It can also be due to one or more of many abnormal conditions, such as chronic (prolonged) hormone deficiency, malnutrition, disease of a major organ system, mistreatment, treatment with certain drugs, chromosomal deletions, inherited diseases, birth defect syndromes, bone structures fusing earlier than intended or many other causes.

Increasing final height in children with short stature may be beneficial and could enhance HRQoL outcomes barring troublesome side effects and excessive cost of treatments.[1]

Cultural issues

From a social perspective shortness can be a problem independently of the cause. In many societies there are advantages associated with taller stature and disadvantages associated with shorter stature, and vice versa. See heightism.

See also

External links

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v • d • eEndocrinepathology: endocrine diseases(E00-35, 240-259) ThyroidHypothyroidism(Iodine deficiency, Cretinism, Congenital hypothyroidism, Goitre, Myxedema) - Hyperthyroidism(Graves disease, Toxic multinodular goitre, Teratomawith thyroid tissue or Struma ovarii) - Thyroiditis(De Quervain's thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Riedel's thyroiditis) - Euthyroid sick syndromePancreasDiabetes mellitus(type 1, type 2, coma, angiopathy, ketoacidosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, MODY) - Hypoglycemia- Hyperinsulinism- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome- insulin receptor (Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome) ParathyroidHypoparathyroidism(Pseudohypoparathyroidism) - Hyperparathyroidism(Primary, Secondary, Tertiary) PituitaryHyperpituitarism(Acromegaly, Hyperprolactinaemia, SIADH) - Hypopituitarism(Simmonds' disease/Sheehan's syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Growth hormone deficiency, Diabetes insipidus) - Adiposogenital dystrophy- Empty sella syndrome- Pituitary apoplexyAdrenalCushing's syndrome(Nelson's syndrome, Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) - CAH(Lipoid, 3β, 11β, 17α, 21α) - Hyperaldosteronism(Conn syndrome, Bartter syndrome) - Adrenal insufficiency(Addison's disease) - HypoaldosteronismGonadsovarian dysfunction (Polycystic ovary syndrome, Premature ovarian failure) - testicular dysfunction (5-alpha-reductase deficiency) - testosterone biosynthesis (17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency) - general (Hypogonadism, Delayed puberty, Precocious puberty) Other Androgen insensitivity syndrome- Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome- Carcinoid syndrome- Gigantism- Short stature (Laron syndrome, Psychogenic dwarfism) - Multiple endocrine neoplasia(1, 2) - Progeria- Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome
Categories: Medicine stubs | Human height

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