July 15

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July 15 is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 169 days remaining until the end of the year.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events

1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final assault of a difficult siege.
1207 - John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop of Canterbury Stephen Langton.
1240 - A Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva.
1381 - John Ball, a leader in the Peasants' Revolt, hanged, drawn and quartered in the presence of Richard II of England.
1410 - Battle of Grunwald, allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the army of the Teutonic Order.
1685 - James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth is executed at Tower Hill, England after his defeat at the Battle of Sedgemore on 6 July 1685.
1741 - Alexei Chirikov sights land in Southeast Alaska. He sends some men aboard in a longboat, making them the first Europeans to visit Alaska.
1789 - Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette, by acclamation, named colonel-general of the new National Guard of Paris.
1799 - Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta, by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard.
1806 - Pike expedition: Near St. Louis, Missouri, United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Belle Fountaine to explore the west.
1815 - Napoléon Bonaparte surrenders from aboard HMS Bellerophon.
1823 - A fire destroys the ancient Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome.
1870 - Post-American-Civil-War Reconstruction: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
1870 - Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson's Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the North-West Territories are established from these vast territories.
1870 - The Kingdom of Prussia and the Second French Empire commence the Franco-Prussian War
1888 - The stratovolcano Mount Bandai erupts killing approximately 500 people.
1916 - In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
1918 - World War I: Second Battle of the Marne - The battle begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
1927 - Massacre of July 15, 1927: 89 protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna.
1929 - First weekly radio broadcast of Mormon Tabernacle Choir radio show, Music and the Spoken Word.
1931 - Kid Chocolate becomes Cuba's first world boxing champion.
1934 - Continental Airlines commenced operations
1954 - First flight of the Boeing 707, the first American jet passenger airliner.
1955 - Eighteen Nobel laureates signed the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, later co-signed by thirty-four others.
1959 - The steel strike of 1959 begins, leading to significant importation of foreign steel for the first time in United States history.
1974 - In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d'état, deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.
1979 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter gives his famous "malaise" speech, where he characterizes the greatest threat to the country as "this crisis in the growing doubt about the meaning of our own lives and in the loss of a unity of purpose for our nation."
1994 - The new Ivybridge railway station, costing £380,000, opens in the town of Ivybridge, Devon, England.
1996 - A Belgian Air Force C-130 Hercules carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport.
1997 - In Miami, Florida, serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan guns down Gianni Versace outside his home.
2002 - "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and for the possession of explosives during the commission of a felony.
2002 - Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan gave the death sentence to British born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and life terms to three other suspects in murdering Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
2003 - AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape Communications Corporation. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.
2004 - The BBC airs the documentary The Secret Agent, exposing racism by members of the British National Party.
2007 - The Philadelphia Phillies Major League Baseball team loses their 10,000th game in franchise history.

Births

1273 - Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and religious leader (d. 1352)
1353 - Vladimir the Bold, Russian prince (d. 1410)
1458 - Juan Ponce de Leon, Spanish Explorer (d. 1521)
1471 - Eskender, Emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1494)
1553 - Archduke Ernest of Austria (d. 1595)
1573 - Inigo Jones, English architect (d. 1652)
1606 - Rembrandt, Dutch artist (d. 1669)
1631 - Jens Juel, Danish diplomat (d. 1700)
1704 - August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German religious leader (d. 1792)
1737 - Princess Louise-Marie of France, daughter of king Louis XV (d. 1787)
1779 - Clement Clarke Moore, American educator, author, and poet (d. 1863)
1796 - Thomas Bulfinch, American mythologist (d. 1867)
1808 - Henry Edward Cardinal Manning, English Catholic archbishop (d. 1892)
1812 - James Hope-Scott, English barrister (d. 1873)
1837 - Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, queen of Portugal (d. 1859)
1848 - Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist and sociologist (d. 1923)
1851 - Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (d. 1889)
1850 - Mother Cabrini, Italian-born Catholic saint (d. 1917)
1864 - Marie Tempest, English singer and actress (d. 1942)
1865 - Wilhelm Wirtinger, Austrian mathematician (d. 1945)
1870 - Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov, Russian publisher and politician (d. 1922)
1871 - Kunikida Doppo, Japanese writer (d. 1908)
1892 - Walter Benjamin, German literary critic and writer (d. 1940)
1894 - Tadeusz Sendzimir, Polish-American engineer and inventor (d. 1989)
1899 - Seán Lemass, Irish leader (d. 1971)
1902 - Jean Rey, Belgian politician and President of the European Commission {d. 1983)
1903 - Kumaraswami Kamaraj, Indian politician (d. 1975)
1904 - Rudolf Arnheim, German-born author (d. 2007)
1905 - Dorothy Fields, American librettist and lyricist (d. 1974)
1906 - Rudolf "Rudi" Uhlenhaut, German automotive engineer and test driver (Mercedes Benz) (d. 1989)
1911 - Edward Shackleton, English explorer (d. 1994)
1913 - Cowboy Copas, American country singer (d. 1963)
1913 - Dorothy Schwartz, American violinist (d. 2007)
1914 - Akhtar Hameed Khan, pioneer of Microcredit in developing countries (d. 1999)
1914 - Hammond Innes, English writer (d. 1998)
1914 - Howard Vernon, Swiss actor (d. 1996)
1918 - Bertram N. Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
1919 - Iris Murdoch, Irish writer (d. 1999)
1921 - Robert Bruce Merrifield, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
1921 - Henri Colpi, French film director (d. 2006)
1922 - Leon M. Lederman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1925 - Philip Carey, American actor
1926 - Driss Chraïbi, Moroccan author
1926 - Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentine dictator (d. 2003)
1928 - Carl Woese, American microbiologist
1929 - Charles Anthony, American tenor
1930 - Jacques Derrida, French philosopher (d. 2004)
1930 - Stephen Smale, American mathematician
1930 - Richard Garneau, French Canadian sports journalist
1931 - Clive Cussler, American author
1932 - Ed Litzenberger, Canadian ice hockey player
1933 - Julian Bream, English guitarist and lutenist
1933 - Guido Crepax, Italian comics artist (d. 2003)
1934 - Harrison Birtwistle, English composer
1934 - Risto Jarva, Finnish filmmaker (d. 1977)
1935 - Donn Clendenon, baseball player (d. 2005)
1935 - Ken Kercheval, American actor
1935 - Alex Karras, American football player and actor
1938 - Ernie Barnes, American artist and football player
1939 - Aníbal Cavaco Silva, President of Portugal and former Prime Minister
1939 - Patrick Wayne, American actor
1941 - Denis Héroux, French Canadian film director and producer
1942 - Mil Mascaras, Mexican professional wrestler
1943 - Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Irish astrophysicist
1944 - Millie Jackson, American singer
1944 - Jan-Michael Vincent, American actor
1945 - Jürgen Möllemann, German politician (d. 2003)
1946 - Linda Ronstadt, American singer
1946 - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei
1947 - Peter Banks, British guitarist (Yes)
1948 - Artimus Pyle, American drummer (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
1949 - Carl Bildt, Swedish politician
1949 - Trevor Horn, British music producer
1950 - Arianna Huffington, Greek-born newspaper columnist
1951 - Jesse Ventura, professional wrestler and former Governor of Minnesota
1952 - Johnny Thunders, American musician (d. 1991)
1952 - Terry O'Quinn, American actor
1952 - Judy McGrath, American television executive
1953 - Jean-Bertrand Aristide, former President of Haiti
1953 - John Denham, British politician
1954 - Mario Kempes, Argentine football player
1956 - Ian Curtis, British musician (d. 1980)
1956 - Barry Melrose, Canadian hockey player, coach, and commentator
1956 - Marky Ramone, American musician (The Ramones)
1956 - Joe Satriani, American guitarist
1956 - Wayne Taylor, South African race car driver
1958 - Gary Heale, former professional English soccer player
1958 - Mac Thornberry, American politician
1959 - Vincent Lindon, French actor
1959 - Shep Pettibone, American record producer
1960 - Kim Alexis, American supermodel and actress
1960 - Willie Aames, American actor
1961 - Scott Ritter, UN weapons inspector in Iraq
1961 - Forest Whitaker, American actor
1961 - Lolita Davidovich, Canadian-born actress
1962 - Steve Brown, American darts player
1963 - Steve Thomas, Canadian ice hockey player
1963 - Brigitte Nielsen, Danish-born actress
1965 - David Miliband, British politician
1966 - Jason Bonham, English drummer; son of John Bonham
1966 - Irène Jacob, French-born Swiss actress
1967 - Adam Savage, American actor
1968 - Eddie Griffin, American comedian
1968 - Stan Kirsch, American actor
1970 - Chi Cheng, American musician
1971 - Danijela, Croatian singer
1971 - Scott Maslen, Actor
1972 - Scott Foley, American actor
1972 - Beth Ostrosky, American model
1973 - John Dolmayan, Lebanese-born drummer (System of a Down)
1973 - Brian Austin Green, American actor
1973 - W. Lane Startin, American author and politician
1974 - Chot Ulep, Filipino musician
1975 - Kara Drew, An American professional wrestler better known as Cherry
1975 - Ben Pepper, Australian basketball player
1976 - Jim Jones, African Puerto Rican American rapper
1976 - Diane Kruger, German actress and former fashion model
1977 - Ray Toro, American musician (My Chemical Romance)
1977 - Kitana Baker, American model (Miller Light Catfight commercial)
1977 - Faraz Anwar, Pakistani guitarist (Mizraab)
1977 - Lana Parrilla, American actress
1978 - Miguel Olivo, Dominican baseball player
1979 - Laura Benanti, American musical theatre actress
1979 - Alexander Frei, Swiss footballer
1980 - Jonathan Cheechoo, professional ice hockey player
1980 - Reggie Abercrombie, professional baseball player
1980 - Jasper Pääkkönen, Finnish actor and film producer
1982 - Haley Scarnato, American American Idol contestant
1983 - Nelson Merlo, Brazilian racing driver
1984 - Vice Cooler, American musician
1986 - Samantha Cohen, Jewish American Princess
1989 - Tristan Wilds, American actor
1992 - Koharu Kusumi, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1993 - Ryosuke Yamada, Japanese singer (Hey! Say! JUMP)