July 11

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July 11 is the 192nd day of the year (193rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 173 days remaining until the end of the year.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events

911 - Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
1156 - Siege of Shirakawa-den in Japan.
1302 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch) - a coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France's huge knightly army.
1346 - Charles IV of Luxembourg elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
1405 - Chinese fleet commander Zheng He set sail to explore the world for the first time.
1476 - Giuliano della Rovere is appointed bishop of Coutances.
1576 - Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.
1616 - Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
1735 - Mathematical calculations suggest it was on this day that Pluto moved from the ninth to the eighth most distant planet from the Sun for the last time before 1979.
1740 - Pogrom: Jews are expelled from Little Russia.
1750 - Halifax, Nova Scotia almost completely destroyed by fire.
1776 - Captain James Cook begins third voyage.
1789 - Jacques Necker dismissed as Finance Minister for France sparking the Storming of the Bastille.
1796 - The U.S. takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.
1798 - The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
1804 - Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton in a duel.
1811 - Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro publishes his memoir about molecular content of gases.
1848 - The Waterloo railway station in London opens.
1859 - A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is published.
1864 - Confederate forces attempt an invasion of Washington, D.C.
1882 - The British Mediterranean fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
1889 - Tijuana, Mexico was founded
1893 - The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kokichi Mikimoto.
1895 - The brothers Lumière show film for scientists.
1897 - Salomon August Andrée leaves Spitsbergen to try to reach the North pole by balloon. He later crashes and dies.
1906 - Gillette-Brown murder inspires Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy
1914 - Babe Ruth debuts in Major league baseball.
1919 - Eight-hour working day and free Sunday made into law in the Netherlands.
1921 - Truce called in the Irish War of Independence; see Irish calendar.
1921 - Former US President William Howard Taft sworn in as 10th Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court, becoming the only person to ever be both President and Chief Justice.
1921 - Outer Mongolia becomes independent (from the Republic of China).
1922 - Hollywood Bowl opens.
1936 - Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic.
1940 - World War II: Vichy France regime formally established. Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France.
1943 - Massacres of Poles in Volhynia
1943 - World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily - German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
1944 - Franklin D. Roosevelt says he will run for a fourth term as President of the United States.
1950 - Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank.
1955 - The phrase In God We Trust is added to all US currency.
1957 - Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismaili worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III
1960 - Independence of Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger.
1960 - To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published.
1962 - First transatlantic satellite television transmission.
1971 - Copper mines in Chile nationalized.
1973 - A Brazilian Boeing 707 crashes near Paris on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 people of the 134 on-board.
1977 - Martin Luther King is posthumously awarded the Medal of Freedom.
1978 - Los Alfaques Disaster: a truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in Tarragona, Spain killing 216 tourists.
1979 - The space station Skylab returns to Earth.
1983 - A Boeing 727 crashes into hilly terrain after a tail strike in Cuenca, Ecuador, claiming 119 lives.
1987 - According to the United Nations, the world population crossed the 5,000,000,000 (5 billion) mark.
1990 - Oka Crisis, First Nations land dispute in Quebec, Canada begins.
1991 - A Nationair DC-8 crashed during an emergency landing at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, killing 261. The Canadian charter was ferrying Hajj pilgrims on behalf of Nigeria Airways.
1991 - Total solar eclipse in Hawaii and Mexico.
1995 - Full diplomatic relations are established between the United States and Vietnam.
1995 - Srebrenica Genocide: Serb army from Yugoslavia and Bosnia, capture the Bosniak town of Srebrenica. More than eight thousands inhabitants are murdered. It is generally regarded to be the most horrific event in recent European history.
1995 - A Cubana de Aviacion Antonov An-24 crashes into the Caribbean off southeast Cuba killing 44 people.
2003 - Lahore-Delhi bus service resumed after suspension of 18 months.
2004 - CIA Director George Tenet leaves his position at the agency.
2006 - 209 people are killed in a series of bomb attacks in Mumbai, India.
2008 - iphone 3G to be released in the United States

Births

1274 - Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland (d. 1329)
1366 - Anne of Bohemia, consort of Richard II of England (d. 1394)
1561 - Luis de Góngora, Spanish poet (d. 1627)
1603 - Kenelm Digby, English privateer (d. 1665)
1628 - Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
1657 - King Frederick I of Prussia (d. 1713)
1662 - Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1726)
1709 - Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, Swedish chemist (d. 1785)
1723 - Jean-François Marmontel, French historian and writer (d. 1799)
1751 - Caroline Matilda of Wales, queen consort of Denmark and Norway (d. 1775)
1754 - Thomas Bowdler, English physician and censor (d. 1825)
1767 - John Quincy Adams, President of the United States (d. 1848)
1826 - Alexander Afanasyev, Russian folklorist (d. 1871)
1832 - Charilaos Trikoupis, Greek politician (d. 1896)
1846 - Leon Bloy, French writer (d. 1917)
1850 - Annie Armstrong, American missionary leader
1851 - Millie and Christine McCoy, Conjoined twins (d. 1912)
1857 - Alfred Binet, French psychologist (d. 1911)
1864 - Petar Danov, Bulgarian spiritual teacher (d. 1944)
1866 - Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1953)
1886 - Boris Grigoriev, Russian painter (d. 1939)
1895 - Dolly Wilde, English socialite (d. 1941)
1897 - Bull Connor, American law enforcement official (d. 1973)
1899 - E. B. White, American writer (d. 1985)
1903 - Rudolf Abel, Soviet intelligence officer (d. 1971)
1903 - Sidney Franklin, American bullfighter (d. 1976)
1906 - Herbert Wehner, German politician (d. 1990)
1910 - Irene Hervey, American actress (d. 1998)
1913 - Cordwainer Smith, American writer (d. 1966)
1916 - Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov, Russian physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)
1916 - Reg Varney, English actor
1916 - Gough Whitlam, 21st Prime Minister of Australia
1920 - Yul Brynner, Russian-born actor (d. 1985)
1921 - Ilse Werner, Dutch-born actress
1922 - Gene Evans, American actor (d. 1998)
1924 - César Lattes, Brazilian physicist (d. 2005)
1924 - Brett Somers, Canadian-born actress (d. 2007)
1924 - Charlie Tully, Northern Irish footballer (d. 1971)
1925 - Nicolai Gedda, Swedish tenor
1926 - Frederick Buechner, American author
1929 - David Kelly, Irish actor
1929 - Hermann Prey, German baritone (d. 1998)
1930 - Harold Bloom, American literary critic
1931 - Thurston Harris, American singer (d. 1990)
1931 - Tab Hunter, American actor
1931 - Tullio Regge, Italian physicist
1932 - Jean-Guy Talbot, French Canadian ice hockey player
1933 - Bob McGrath, American actor
1934 - Giorgio Armani, Italian fashion designer
1935 - Oliver Napier, Northern Irish politician
1937 - Pai Hsien-yung, Taiwanese writer
1940 - Yvon Charbonneau, French Canadian union leader and politician
1941 - Clive Puzey, Zimbabwean racing driver
1943 - Rolf Stommelen, German race car driver (d. 1983)
1944 - Myra Gale Brown, former wife of Jerry Lee Lewis
1945 - Patrick Joseph McGrath, Catholic bishop
1946 - Cuthbert Johnson, Benedictine abbot.
1947 - Bo Lundgren, Swedish politician
1949 - Liona Boyd, English-born musician
1950 - Pervez Hoodbhoy, Pakistani nuclear physicist
1950 - Bruce McGill, American actor
1950 - J. R. Morgan, British classical scholar
1951 - Bonnie Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters)
1952 - Bill Barber, Canadian ice hockey player
1952 - John Kettley, English weather forecaster
1953 - Peter Brown, American singer, songwriter and producer
1953 - Mindy Sterling, American actress
1953 - Leon Spinks, American former boxer
1954 - Butch Reed, American professional wrestler
1956 - Sela Ward, American actress
1957 - Peter Murphy, British musician - (Bauhaus)
1957 - Michael Rose, Jamaican musician (Black Uhuru)
1958 - Hugo Sánchez, Mexican footballer
1958 - Andrew Gilbert-Scott, British racing driver
1959 - Richie Sambora, American musician (Bon Jovi)
1959 - Suzanne Vega, American singer
1962 - Gaetan Duchesne, French Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007)
1962 - Pauline McLynn, Irish actress
1963 - Al MacInnis, Canadian ice hockey player
1963 - Lisa Rinna, American actress
1963 - Sandra Schmirler, Canadian curler (d. 2000)
1964 - Craig Charles, English actor
1964 - Kyrill, Prince of Preslav, titular Bulgarian royal family
1965 - Tony Cottee, English footballer
1965 - Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer
1965 - Scott Shriner, American musician (Weezer)
1966 - Greg Grunberg, American actor
1967 - Jeff Corwin, American naturalist and TV personality
1968 - Michael Geist, Canadian academic
1968 - Esera Tuaolo, American football player
1969 - David Tao, Taiwanese singer-songwriter
1970 - Justin Chambers, American actor
1971 - Brett Hauer, American ice hockey player
1972 - Jussi 69, Finnish musician (The 69 Eyes)
1972 - Steven Richards, Australian racing driver
1972 - Michael Rosenbaum, American actor
1973 - Andrew Bird, American musician
1973 - Konstantinos Kenteris, Greek athlete
1974 - Hermann Hreiðarsson, Icelandic footballer
1974 - André Ooijer, Dutch footballer
1975 - Willie Anderson, American football player
1975 - Rubén Baraja, Spanish footballer
1975 - Riona Hazuki, Japanese actress
1975 - Samer el Nahhal, Finnish musician (Lordi)
1975 - Lil' Kim, American rapper
1976 - Eduardo Nájera, Mexican-born basketball player
1977 - Brandon Short, American football player
1980 - T.J. Wilson, Canadian professional wrestler
1981 - Carla Campbell, Jamaican model
1981 - Andre Johnson, American football player
1981 - Aaron Proctor, American professional wrestling promoter & politician
1982 - Chris Cooley, American football player
1983 - Kelly Poon, Singaporean singer
1983 - Evan Roberts, American radio broadcaster
1983 - Marie Serneholt, Swedish musician (A*Teens)
1983 - Kellie Shirley , Actress
1984 - Yorman Bazardo, Venezuelan baseball player
1984 - Tanith Belbin, Canadian ice dancer
1984 - Hitomi Hyuga, Japanese actress
1984 - Rachael Taylor, Australian actress
1985 - Aki Maeda, Japanese actress
1986 - Yoann Gourcuff, French footballer
1986 - Ryan Jarvis, English footballer
1987 - Shigeaki Kato, Japanese Idol (member of NEWS (band))
1989 - David Henrie, American Actor
1990 - Caroline Wozniacki, Danish tennis player
1990 - Connor Paolo, Actor

Deaths

472 - Anthemius, Emperor of the Western Roman Empire
937 - King Rudolph II of Burgundy
969 - Olga of Kiev
1174 - King Amalric I of Jerusalem (b. 1136)
1183 - Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
1302 - Robert II of Artois, French soldier (b. 1250)
1535 - Elector Joachim I of Brandenburg (b. 1484)
1581 - Peder Skram, Danish senator and naval hero
1679 - William Chamberlayne, English poet (b. 1619)
1688 - King Narai of Siam (b. 1629)
1766 - Elizabeth Farnese, wife of Philip V of Spain (b. 1692)
1774 - Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Irish-born New York pioneer
1775 - Simon Boerum, American Continental Congressman (b. 1724)
1797 - Ienăchiţă Văcărescu, Wallachian writer (b. 1740)
1806 - James Smith, American signer of the Declaration of Independence
1825 - Thomas P. Grosvenor, American Revolutionary War soldier (b. 1744)
1844 - Evgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (b. 1800)

1909 - Simon Newcomb, American astronomer and mathematician (b. 1835)
1929 - Billy Mosforth, English footballer (b. 1857)
1920 - Empress Eugénie de Montijo of France (b. 1826)
1936 - James Murray, American actor (b. 1901)
1937 - George Gershwin, American composer (b. 1898)
1959 - Charlie Parker, English cricketer (b. 1882)
1966 - Delmore Schwartz, American poet (b. 1913)
1967 - Guy Favreau, French Canadian lawyer, politician and judge (b. 1917)
1971 - John W. Campbell, American writer and editor (b. 1910)
1971 - Pedro Rodríguez, Mexican racing driver (b. 1940)
1974 - Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1891)
1979 - Claude Wagner, French Canadian judge and politician (b. 1925)
1983 - Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian writer (b. 1915)
1987 - Avi Ran, Israeli footballer (b. 1963)
1989 - Sir Laurence Olivier, acclaimed English stage and screen actor (b. 1907)
1991 - Hitoshi Igarashi, English-Japanese translator of The Satanic Verses (b. 1947)
1994 - Gary Kildall, American computer programmer (b. 1942)
1994 - Savannah, American porn star (b. 1970)
1999 - Helen Forrest, American singer (b. 1917)
2000 - Pedro Mir, Dominican poet (b. 1913)
2000 - Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1921)
2001 - Herman Brood, Dutch singer and artist (b. 1946)
2004 - Laurance Rockefeller, American conservationist and philanthropist (b. 1910)
2005 - Gretchen Franklin, English actress (b. 1911)
2005 - Frances Langford, American actress and singer (b. 1914)
2005 - Jesús Iglesias, Argentine professional racing driver (b. 1922)
2006 - Barnard Hughes, American actor (b. 1915)
2006 - John Spencer, English snooker player (b. 1935)
2007 - Lady Bird Johnson, First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)
2007 - Alfonso López Michelsen, 32nd Colombian President (b. 1913)
2007 - Ed Mirvish, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1914)
2007 - Glenda Adams, Australian author (b. 1939)