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Blohm & Voss BV 138

Blohm & Voss BV 138B Type Long Range Reconnaissance ManufacturerBlohm & VossMaiden flight15 July, 1937Introduced October, 1940 Primary user LuftwaffeProduced 1938–1943 Number built 297

The Blohm & Voss BV 138 Seedrache (Sea Dragon, but nicknamed Der Fliegende Holzschuh (flying clog)[1]) was a World War II German flying boat that functioned as the Luftwaffe's main long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft.

A total of 297 BV 138s were built between 1938 and 1943. The aircraft was unusually powered by three engines, with one mounted high above the centerline driving a four-bladed propeller, and one on each wing driving three-bladed propellers. The preproduction prototypes and the BV 138 A-01 to BV 138 A-06, were powered by various makes of engines ranging from 650 hp to 1000 hp. The first standardized version BV 138 B-1, was powered by three 880 hp Junkers Jumo 205D Diesel engines. Unusual were the aircraft's twin boom tail unit, and gun turrets at the bow and the stern of the fuselage, as well as behind the central engine. These features together produced the aircraft's ungainly appearance.

The first of the 227 standard service model, BV 138 C-1, began service in March 1941. Although various versions of the aircraft carried a variety of armament, the standard included two MG 151 20mm cannon, one in a power-operated bow turret and one in a power-operated stern turret, up to three MG 15 machine gun, and an MG 131 machine gun in the aft center engine nacelle. It could carry 500 kg (1,100 lb) of bombs or depth charges or, in place of these, up to 10 passengers. Most were fitted with FuG 200 Hohentwiel search radar for anti-shipping duties. Some were converted for minesweeper role. The BV 138 MS variant carried a degaussing device, a hoop with the same diameter as the length of the fuselage and field-generating equipment, instead of weapons.


Contents

Survivors

No complete BV 138s remain in existence. However, the wreck of one aircraft, sunk after the war in a British air show, was raised from the seabed of the Öresund Sound in 2000, and is on display at the Danish Technical Museum in Helsingør.


Variants

Prototype Versions:

  • Ha 138 V2 (D-AMOR) - First flight in August 1937
  • Ha 138 V3 - Construction was abandoned due to redesign.


Production Versions:

  • BV 138 A-01 to 06 - Operational testbeds
  • BV 138 B-0 - Officially entered service in October 1940
  • BV 138 B-1 - Entered service in November 1940
    • BV 138 B-1/U1
  • BV 138 C-1, also had minesweeper variant
    • BV 138 C-1/U
  • BV 138 MS - Mine-sweeping version.

Specifications (Bv 138 B-1)

A drawing of a BV 138 published in a British Aircraft guide.

General characteristics

  • Crew: 6, pilot, navigator, radio operator, nose gunner, rear gunner, upper rear gunner + up to 10 passengers
  • Length: 19.9 m (65 ft 3in)
  • Wingspan: 27 m (88 ft 7 in)
  • Height: 6.6 m (21 ft 7 in)
  • Wing area: 111.9 m² (1,205 ft²)
  • Empty weight: 8,100 kg (17,860 lb)
  • Loaded weight: 14,700 kg (32,400 lb)
  • Powerplant: 3× Junkers Jumo 205D diesel, 660 kW (880 hp) each

Performance

Armament

  • 2 × MG 151 20 mm cannon
  • 1 × MG 131 13 mm machine gun
  • 3 × MG 15 7.92 mm machine gun

See also

Related lists

References

Notes

  1. ^ Nowarra 1997, original German title of the Schiffer book.

Bibliography

  • Green, William. Warplanes of the Second World War, Volume Five: Flying Boats. London: Macdonald & Co.(Publishers) Ltd., 5th impression 1972. ISBN 0-356-01449-5.
  • Green, William. Warplanes of the Third Reich. London: Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd., 4th impression 1979. ISBN 0-356-02382-6.
  • Ledwoch, Janusz. Bv 138 (Wydawnictwo Militaria 64) (in Polish). Warszawa, Poland: Wydawnictwo Militaria, 1998. ISBN 83-7219-015-1.
  • Nowarra, Heinz J. and Cox, Don (transl.) Blohm & Voss Bv 138 (Schiffer Military History). Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 1997. ISBN 0-7643-0296-5.
  • Smith J.Richard and Kay, Anthony. German Aircraft of the Second World War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1972 (3rd impression 1978). ISBN 0-370-00024-2.

External links

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Categories: German military reconnaissance aircraft 1930-1939 | Seaplanes and flying boatsHidden categories: Propeller aircraft | Multiple engine aircraft | High wing aircraft

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