1923

Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

Contents:

Events of 1923

January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies.
January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.
January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.
January 17 - Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
January 18 - Elon College's campus is destroyed by a fire.
February 8 - Billy Hughes resigns as Prime Minister of Australia, after the Country Party refuses to govern in coalition with him as the leader of the Nationalist Party. Hughes is succeeded by his Treasurer, Stanley Bruce.
February 23 - Barcelona (Spain): Albert Einstein visits the city, at the invitation of scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa.

March - Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage. Settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel. Antonin Artaud played the part of Tiresias.
March 1 - USS Connecticut decommissioned.
March 1 - Greece adopts the Gregorian calendar.
March 2 - Time magazine hits newsstands for the first time.
March 9 - Vladimir Lenin suffers a stroke, his third, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.
March 28 - Regia Aeronautica, air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.
April 6 - The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed in Victoria Institution, Malaysia.
April 12 - Kandersteg International Scout Centre came into existence.
April 29 - Ceremonial inauguration of Gdynia seaport.
April 26 - Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey.
April - The date when Turkish Council was founded by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.

May 3 - Creation of Aleph Zadik Aleph
May 23 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA Airlines.
May 24 - End of Irish Civil War.
May 27 - Ku Klux Klan defies law requiring publication of its members.
June 9 - Military coup in Bulgaria - prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is ousted (he is killed June 14).
June 13 - China President Li abandoned his residence because a warlord had commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off water and electric supplies of the residence in order to force him to abandon his post.
June 16 - Storming of Ayan in Siberia concludes the Yakut Revolt and the Russian Civil War
June 18 - Etna volcano erupts - 60,000 made homeless.
June 25 - Rapid Bucureşti is formed on the initiative of the Griviţa railroad workers. The name given at the time was CFR Bucureşti.

July 10 - Large hailstones kill 23 in Rostow, Soviet Union.
July 19 - July 20 - Assassination of Pancho Villa.
July 24 - The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War.
August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States, (1921 - 1923) dies in office and is succeeded by Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929).
August 13 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
August 13 - Gustav Stresemann is named chancellor and founds a coalition government in Weimar Republic Germany.

September 1 - Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people, but according to Japanese construction reserch center report on 2005, 105,000 confirmed dead 1923 quake.
September 4 - In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time.
September 6 - Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation of murder of an Italian officer. The League of Nations protests and they leave on September 29.
September 8 - Honda Point Disaster: Seven US Navy destroyers ran aground off the California coast.
September 9 - Atatürk founded the CHP.
September 10 - Ireland joins League of Nations.
September 13 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship. Trade unions are banned for 10 years.
September 17 - A major fire in Berkeley, California erupts, consumed some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely-built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
September 18 - September 26 - Newspaper printers strike in New York.
September 26 - In Bayern, Gustav Ritter von Kahr declares independence from Berlin.
October 13 - Ankara replaces İstanbul as the capital of Turkey.
October 26 - in Persia, Reza Khan became Ahmad Shah Qajar's prime minister.
October 29 - Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.

November 1 - Finnish flag carrier Finnair airline is started in Aero Oy.
November 8 - Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day.
November 12 - Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie in Wellington Barracks, London.
November 15 - The hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000,000 Papiermark (4.2 quadrillion). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency. See inflation in the Weimar Republic.
November 23 - Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses.
December 12 - In Italy, the Po river dam bursts - 600 dead.
December 20 - First social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the United States is founded, BEGGARS Fraternity, by a group of 9 men who secured permission to do so from the Pope.
December 27 - Assassination attempt against the crown prince of Japan in Tokyo.

Unemployment insurance scheme introduced in Queensland.
International Police Conference in Vienna. Interpol is set up.
Hoda Cha'arawi Association (formerly The Egyptian Feminist Union) is established in Egypt.
Police strike in Australia.
American Law Institute established.
Moderation League of New York becomes part of the movement for repeal of prohibition in the United States.
Rainbow Trout introduced into the upper Firehole River in Yellowstone National Park